Twelve questions, answered properly.
Including the two we get asked most often and most sceptically: how many times a box can really be reused, and why there is no phone number anywhere on this website.
Ask a thirteenth
Questions asked more than twice end up on this page.
Straight to the grading floor at 9869 Meeks Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63132.
Or email sales@reboxesmarket.com. We have no phone line — dimensions and counts survive much better in writing.
Not sure of the size?
Fold a box in the browser, read off the cube and pallet fit, and send the spec straight through.
What is a gaylord box, exactly?
A gaylord is a large, usually triple-wall corrugated bulk container sized to sit on a standard 48" × 40" GMA pallet. The name comes from the Gaylord Container Corporation, which popularised them — it is a brand name that became a generic term, like dumpster. Typical capacity is 1,800 – 2,200 lb and around 40 cubic feet.
Do you really sell used boxes, or refurbished ones?
Both, and we are explicit about which. Grade A and B boxes are used as-is after inspection. Reconditioned boxes have had flaps spliced, panels patched or scores rebuilt at our bench, and are re-graded afterwards. Every quote states which you are getting.
What is your minimum order?
One pallet for gaylords (typically 20 – 24 knocked-down boxes). For RSC shippers, 250 boxes or a mixed pallet. Below that we will usually point you to a local supplier rather than charge you freight that makes no sense.
How do you price used boxes?
Grade, size run, volume and lane. A matched run of 2,000 grade-B 18" cubes prices very differently from 2,000 mixed boxes of random sizes, because sorting is the expensive part. We quote delivered, with the freight shown separately.
Will you buy boxes from us?
Yes — clean used corrugated and gaylords. Send a photograph of the stack and a rough count. We price by grade and volume, bring our own trailer, and pay on pickup or net-7. We will also tell you honestly when baling will pay you more than resale.
Do you ship outside Missouri?
Routinely, to all fifty states. Our core freight lanes cover the Midwest and Mid-South within a day's drive of St. Louis, and we ship full truckloads nationwide. See the locations pages for zone, transit time and mode by state.
Can used boxes be used for food?
Direct food contact, no — not from a used container, and no certificate changes that. But lined used gaylords are used widely in produce and agriculture, with an FDA-compliant poly or foil liner between product and board. We supply the liners and the supplier letters of guarantee.
What happens to boxes that are too damaged to resell?
There is a hierarchy: repair, then dunnage, then honeycomb panel, then upcycled goods, then mill-spec baled OCC. Only wax-coated and contaminated board becomes genuine residual, and we report that fraction rather than hiding it.
How many times can a box be reused?
Our marked-container data gives a median of nine round trips for triple-wall gaylords, with a top decile of fourteen. The limiting factor is almost always handling, not board quality. We wrote this up in detail on the blog.
Do you offer printed or branded used boxes?
We can blank out existing print and apply a single-colour mark on recovered board. For multi-colour brand work, a new box with high recycled content is usually the better answer, and we will say so.
Can we get diversion reporting for our sustainability team?
Yes. Monthly or quarterly statements covering tonnage reused, tonnage recycled, landfill avoided and estimated CO₂e avoided, with our assumptions attached so your team can audit them.
Why do you not list a phone number?
Everything we do involves dimensions, grades and counts, and those get mangled over the phone. Email and the form give us the detail we need to quote accurately the first time, and give you a written record. We reply within one business day.
What is the difference between ECT and Mullen?
They measure different things. Mullen is a bursting test in pounds per square inch and predicts puncture resistance. ECT is an edge crush test in pounds per linear inch and predicts stacking strength. In a palletised supply chain ECT is almost always the number that matters. Conversion tables between them are rules of thumb, not physics.
Does a used box still meet its printed certificate?
No. The Box Maker's Certificate describes the board as it left the converter. A used container has been loaded, stacked, trucked and cycled through humidity changes; the flutes have taken a set and the scores have softened. We grade on observed condition instead and say so on every quote.
How do you measure a box?
Length × width × height, always inside dimensions. Length is the longer side of the open face, width the shorter, and height is measured down from the open face. Outside dimensions add roughly 1/8" per wall for single, 5/16" for double and 5/8" for triple — on every axis, both sides.
What is the difference between knocked down and erected?
Knocked down means shipped flat. A flat 48 × 40 × 36 gaylord occupies about 4.7 cubic feet against 40 erected, so a trailer carries 534 instead of 62. Unless your receiving dock genuinely cannot erect a box, knocked down wins by a margin nothing else on the invoice can close.
Do you sell lids and liners separately?
Yes, and we push them harder than most suppliers because they are the cheapest life extension available. A separate telescoping cap adds two to three trips to a container on our own marked-container data.
What is OCC?
Old Corrugated Containers — the recycling commodity grade for used cardboard. Mill grades #11 and #12 under the ISRI specification are the usual targets. #12 is double-sorted and cleaner, and carries a premium.
How quickly do you reply?
Within one business day, every business day. Enquiries go to a grader on the floor rather than to a general inbox, so the reply usually contains an actual number rather than a request for a call.
Can we visit the yard?
Yes. Monday to Thursday, 9:00 AM to 3:00 PM Central, at 9869 Meeks Blvd. Bring safety shoes. We would much rather you looked at the grading stations yourself than took our word for the scale.
Do you offer a managed container pool?
Yes — collection, grading, reconditioning, storage, re-issue and quarterly reporting under one contract. Your containers stay yours; we just keep them circulating. The metric we report on is trips per container per year.
How big should a container pool be?
Peak weekly demand multiplied by cycle time in weeks, plus 20% slack. Undersized pools generate emergency purchases of new containers, which is how a reuse programme ends up buying virgin board.
What payment terms do you offer?
Sales: net-30 on approved accounts, otherwise payment before dispatch. Purchases from you: on pickup or net-7, agreed before collection. We do not do 'we will tell you what it made at the mill'.
What if the delivery is short?
Up to 5% we credit on your word, without inspection. Above that we investigate, which may include collecting the pallet. Arguing about twelve boxes costs more than twelve boxes.
Can you match a competitor's price?
Sometimes, but ask what grade they named first. 'Used' on its own covers everything from a box that shipped once to one that has been rained on for a winter, and a price without a named grade is not a quote.
Do you handle hazardous or regulated material?
No. We cannot accept containers carrying hazardous-material markings, and we will not remove them. It is a regulatory matter rather than a judgement call.
What is the lead time on new or custom boxes?
Stock sizes ship from inventory. Custom dies run 10 – 15 working days, with 1 – 4 colour flexo print. We will tell you when a grade-A used box would do the same job for a third of the price.
What recycled content do your new boxes have?
Most US-made board runs 70 – 90% post-consumer recycled content as standard. Up to 100% recycled test liner is available on request, with the caveat that very high recycled content slightly reduces burst strength for a given basis weight.
Do you provide carbon figures for our reporting?
Yes, with every coefficient published so you can substitute your own. We use 1.30 kg CO₂e per kg for virgin corrugated and 0.215 kg per kg for a reuse cycle, and we deliberately exclude end-of-life recycling credit, stored fibre carbon and avoided landfill methane — all three would flatter the number.
What is your contamination rate?
Around 1.9% on baled OCC in a normal quarter. It rose to 3.4% for two quarters in 2023 after we underestimated a customer's waste stream, and we published that in the same statement as the good numbers. A figure you only share when it flatters you is marketing.
Can I specify my own grading standard?
Yes, and several pooled customers do. We will grade to your written standard and report against it. It costs slightly more because it breaks our batching, and we will tell you how much before you commit.
What is the biggest mistake buyers make?
Quoting outside dimensions as inside. A 48-inch outside triple-wall box has a 46.75-inch inside dimension, and nobody discovers the difference until a trailer arrives. Second place: specifying flush to the 48-inch pallet standard when real GMA pallets run from 47.5 to 48.5 inches.
Email reaches a person, not a queue.
One business day, every day. If it is technical, it goes to a grader; if it is commercial, it goes to the yard manager.
Box Compression Test
Box Maker's Certificate
Edge Crush Test
European Federation of Corrugated Board Manufacturers
Full Overlap Slotted Container
Grocery Manufacturers Association (pallet)
Half Slotted Container
Institute of Scrap Recycling Industries
International Safe Transit Association
Less Than Truckload
Materials Recovery Facility
Thousand Square Feet
Old Corrugated Containers
Overlap Slotted Container
Regular Slotted Container
Sectional Center Facility
Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry
Truckload
Work In Progress
Fourteen references worth knowing by number.
Specifying packaging gets much easier once you can name the standard rather than describe the requirement. These are the ones that come up in our quotes and our customers' RFPs.
| Reference | Title | Why it matters here |
|---|---|---|
| ASTM D642 | Compressive resistance of shipping containers | The test behind box compression figures |
| ASTM D4727 | Corrugated and solid fibreboard sheet stock | Material specification for board itself |
| ASTM D5639 | Selecting corrugated box dimensions | How to specify L × W × H correctly |
| TAPPI T 811 | Edge crush test of corrugated board | The ECT number on a Box Maker's Certificate |
| TAPPI T 810 | Bursting strength of corrugated board | The Mullen number |
| TAPPI T 412 | Moisture in paper and paperboard | How moisture content is measured and deducted |
| ISTA 3A / 6 | Packaged-product performance testing | Transit simulation for parcel and distribution |
| ISO 12048 | Compression and stacking tests | International equivalent of ASTM D642 |
| FEFCO / ESBO code | International fibreboard case code | The four-digit style codes we quote against |
| ISPM 15 | Wood packaging phytosanitary measures | Why corrugated avoids an export compliance burden |
| ISRI Scrap Specifications | Recovered paper grade definitions | The #11 and #12 OCC specs we bale to |
| GRI 306 | Waste disclosure standard | The format our diversion statements fit |
| EPA WasteWise | Voluntary waste reduction reporting | Compatible reporting format on request |
| FDA 21 CFR 176 | Indirect food additives: paper and paperboard | Why used board cannot be direct food contact |
Ten conversions we use every day.
None of these are difficult. All of them are regularly got wrong, usually by a factor of 1,728.
| From | To | Factor | Worked example |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cubic inches | Cubic feet | ÷ 1,728 | 48 × 40 × 36 = 69,120 in³ = 40.0 ft³ |
| Square inches | Square feet | ÷ 144 | 13,528 in² = 93.9 ft² |
| Pounds per ft² | Board weight | × area in ft² | 93.9 ft² × 0.55 = 51.7 lb |
| Pounds | Kilograms | × 0.45359 | 51.7 lb = 23.5 kg |
| Inches | Millimetres | × 25.4 | 48" = 1,219 mm |
| Cubic feet | Cubic metres | × 0.02832 | 40.0 ft³ = 1.13 m³ |
| Short tons | Metric tonnes | × 0.90718 | 11,800 tons = 10,705 tonnes |
| Loose OCC volume | Weight | × 80 lb/yd³ | 40 yd³ ≈ 3,200 lb |
| Baled OCC volume | Weight | × 700 lb/yd³ | 2 yd³ bale ≈ 1,400 lb |
| Trailer volume (53') | Usable | × 0.72 | 3,489 ft³ → 2,512 ft³ |
Questions asked more than twice end up here
This page is maintained from the actual inbox rather than written as marketing copy, which is why some of the answers are longer and less flattering than a FAQ usually is. If a question gets asked a third time it goes on the list; if the answer gets long enough to deserve it, it becomes a blog post instead.
The two we get asked most sceptically
First: how many times can a box really be reused? The honest answer is a median of nine trips on marked triple-wall containers, with a spread from four to fourteen, and the difference is almost never the board — it is handling. We published the full study rather than a round number.
Second: why is there no phone number? Because dimensions, grades and counts get mangled in conversation and survive in writing. It is a deliberate decision that costs us some enquiries and prevents a specific, expensive failure mode we lived with for three years.
If your question is not here
Use the form at the top of this page, or write to us directly. It reaches a grader on the floor rather than a general inbox, and you will get a reply within one business day containing an actual answer rather than a request for a call.
How long each thing actually takes.
Measured from a confirmed order, not from the first email. Artwork approval and procurement onboarding sit outside these figures and are usually the real critical path.
| Item | Lead time | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Graded used shippers, stock size | Same week | Often 48 hours on Midwest lanes |
| Graded gaylords, stock size | Same week | Knocked down and banded |
| Reconditioned gaylords | 7 – 10 days | Bench time plus re-grading |
| Lids, liners and accessories | Same week | Ships on the same pallet |
| Recovered pallets, repaired | 3 – 7 days | Depends on repair queue |
| New stock-size boxes | 2 – 5 days | 60+ sizes held in St. Louis |
| New custom die | 10 – 15 working days | Includes die making and first article |
| Printed new board, 1 – 4 colour | 10 – 15 working days | Plate making included |
| Honeycomb panel, stock | 5 days | Pressed from recovered board |
| Die-cut dunnage to profile | 7 – 10 days | Tooling for non-standard profiles adds time |
| Printed retail display | 10 – 12 days | Artwork approval is usually the critical path |
| Baler placement | 2 – 4 weeks | Site survey, delivery and commissioning |
Seven things about your dock that change the quote.
Declared before the quote these are free to plan around. Discovered on delivery day they are the single most common reason a cheap quote becomes an expensive invoice.
| Item | Specification | Why it matters |
|---|---|---|
| Dock height | 48 – 52" typical | Below 44" a standard trailer needs a leveller or a ramp |
| Dock leveller capacity | 20,000 – 30,000 lb | Loaded gaylords on a pallet truck approach the limit |
| Door width | 8 – 9 ft | Double-stacked knocked-down bundles are wide |
| Apron depth | 100 – 130 ft | A 53-foot trailer needs room to square up |
| Liftgate requirement | If no dock | Add $75 – $150; declare it before the quote, not after |
| Receiving window | 3-day window ideal | Lets us consolidate; worth more than a volume discount |
| Forklift availability | 3,000 lb minimum | A loaded gaylord plus pallet exceeds many electric walkies |
Why empty packaging rates so badly.
LTL pricing keys off density. Knocked-down corrugated weighs almost nothing and occupies a full pallet position, so it lands near the expensive end of a scale designed around weight.
| Class | Density | Typical commodity | Where packaging sits |
|---|---|---|---|
| 50 | 50+ lb/ft³ | Bricks, steel bar | Rarely packaging |
| 55 | 35 – 50 | Hardwood flooring | Dense palletised goods |
| 60 | 30 – 35 | Car accessories | Heavy cartoned goods |
| 65 | 22.5 – 30 | Bottled beverages | Full case packs |
| 70 | 15 – 22.5 | Food in cartons | Typical dense distribution |
| 85 | 12 – 15 | Crated machinery | Palletised assemblies |
| 92.5 | 10.5 – 12 | Computers, monitors | Cushioned electronics |
| 100 | 9 – 10.5 | Boat covers, canvas | Light bulky goods |
| 125 | 7 – 8 | Small appliances | Void-filled cartons |
| 150 | 6 – 7 | Auto sheet metal | Erected boxes start here |
| 175 | 5 – 6 | Clothing, couches | Knocked-down heavy board |
| 200 | 4 – 5 | Aircraft parts | Knocked-down double wall |
| 250 | 3 – 4 | Mattresses, plasma TVs | Knocked-down single wall |
| 300 | 2 – 3 | Wood cabinets, tables | Erected gaylords |
| 400 | 1 – 2 | Deer antlers | Erected light bulk |
| 500 | < 1 | Gold dust, ping-pong balls | Loose void fill |
Note the two rows that matter here: knocked-down board is class 150 – 250, erected containers are class 300 – 400. That gap is the entire argument for banding everything flat.